Electric heater.



w. s. IIAIIAwAY, II.

ELEC-TRIO HEATER. Y APPLICATION FILED FEB.I1. Isla. IIEIIEWED Aue. 2.I9I5.

Patented Feb. 29, 1916.

2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

W. S. HADAWAY, JR.

ELECTRIC HEATER.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. II. 1913. REIIEIIED AUG. 2.1915.

Patented Feb. 29, 1916.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

WILLIAM S. HADAWAY, JR., 0F NEW ROCHELLE, NEW YORK.

ELECTRIC HEATER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Feb. 29, 1916.

Application :tiled February 11, 1913, Serial No. 747,635. Renewed August2, 1915. Serial No. 43,345.

To all whom t may concern.'

Be it known that I, WIILIAM S. HAD- AwAY, Jr., a citizen of the UnitedStates, residing at New Rochelle, in the county of Westchester and Stateof New York, have invented new and useful Improvements in ElectricHeaters, of which the following is a full, clear, concise, and exactdescription, reference being had to theaccompanying drawing, forming apart of this specificat1on. A

My invention relates to electric heaters.

, An object cf the invention is to provide improved means for securing aresistor to the object to be heated.

Another object is to provideV an improved method of integrally uniting ametallic resistor carrier to a body to which said carrier cannot bewelded directly.

Further objects may be readily inferred from the more detaileddescription hereinafter given of the two embodiments'of my invention,which I have illustratedl in the accompanying drawings.

To aid in an understanding of said invention, I have shown one form ofheater applied to a chaing-dish and the other form applied to a samovar.Either form of heater may, of course, be applied to either utensil or toany one of a number of other cooking or heating appliances.

Figure 1 of said drawings is a sectional elevation of the heating-pan ofa changdish. Fig. 2 is a bottom plan view thereof. F 1g. 3 is anelevation of the entire chafingdish. Fig'. 4 is an elevation partly insection, of a samovar.

Fig. 5 is a sectional elevation of various parts of the heating elementdetached from each other to show the method of assembling; Fig. 6 is abottom plan view of the resistance coil.

The @hating-dish is of the usual form except for the heating-pan orcooking-pan 1, which is of novel construction in certain lrespects inwhich it embodies my invention.

Said heating-pan, which is made of copper,

silver or other metal of good heat conductwith any degree of successfrom a commercial standpoint. In order to integrally unite the resistorcontainer to the base,

which may be assumed to be copper, and to provide a good thermal contactbetween the two, I weld said metallic disk 2 to said container 3 throughsaid copper bottom. One' satisfactory method of effecting this operationis to electrically weld said elements to each other over large areas,whereby they are integrally united through the copper base, therebyforming substantially an integral, unitary construction of high thermalefficiency. The metal disk 2 employed may be made of any of a number ofdifferent materials satisfactory for the purpose. For example, any ofthe alloys of the nickel group will answer, although I do not limitmyself to this material. The sheet metal container 3 may be made ofordinary sheet iron or mild steel, although -certain grades of sheetiron are preferable to others. Of course, I do not limit myself to aresistance container made of the materials suggested.

The heating elements, which may assume various forms, are illustrated inthe present instance as a pair of concentric heaters 5,-6. The innerdisk-shaped heater 5 com,- prises a sheet metal disk or carrierelectrically welded to the container 3 and to the disk 2, and has itsedge bent over to embrace a smaller metallic disk 7. Between said disks`the resistor 8 is secured, said resistor being insulated therefrom bydisks of insulating material 9,' for example, mica. The resistor mayassume any one of a number .of different forms, the specific form beingimmaterial in the present case; Furthermore, either one or twosuperimposed resistors may be used. vThe outer heater has the form of aring, made up of two flat metallic rings 10, 11, the wider one beingelectrically welded to the carrier 3 and the disk 2 and having its'edges flanged over the smaller one. A resistor or resistors 12,0f anysuitable form, are held between said rings and insulated therefrom byrings 13 of insulating material. The resistors in both cases are held inclose thermal contact with the base of the 'chaling `dish at all times,regardless of expansion and contraction. Of course, I do not limitmyself to the use of two heaters. A greater or less number of heaterunits of any suitable shape may be used.

The resistance elements are inclosed by a cover plate 14 having ashallow annular` flange 15 which fits within the flange'4,

'The structure being water-tight, the entire pan may be immersed inwater, in washing it. No reliance need be placed on any pressure whichmay be exerted upon the resistor carriers by the cover plate 14. Infact, said plate is intended, mainly, to provide a Water-tight cover andto act as a heating plate to heat the water in contact therewith, ashereinafter described.

The resistors are held in close heat conducting relation with the bottomof the heating pan 1, being separated therefrom by thin heat conductinglayers of metal and in- 4 sulation which do not materially diminish thethermal eificiency of the device as a whole. Heat is conducted readilyto. Nthe food within the heating pan and also to the Water in the waterpan 16, within which the heating pan is partially immersed in the usualmanner. Accordingly the food is heated by heat conducted directly vfromthe resistors through the bottom of the pan and it is also heated bywater vapor which rises from the surface of the water and surrounds theside walls of the pan. Only a very little water is necessary ordesirable under these circumstances as the heat is conveyed thereto fromabove and not from beneath the body of water. It is possible, therefore,to produce considerable heat locally at or near the surface of thewater, from which surface vapor rises and it is not necessary to conducta great deal of heat through the entire mass of water as in prior caseswhere a vapor lamp arranged beneath' the water bath has been employed.IVater being a poor conductor ofheat, greater eiiiciency results fromheat applied from above rather than from beneath the same, where it isdesired to make use of the ascending water vapor or steam.

The water bath also acts as a regulator to regulate the heat conductedtothe foodv pan and prevents overheating in substantially the samemanner as in the old style changdish. The heat may be so Well regulatedand controlled electrically, however, by the use of a suitablecontroller connected in circuit that, for certain purposes, the waterpan may be dispensed with entirely.

The terminals of the resistors aresuitably connected to circuitterminals 17, the latter being mounted upon but insulated from the endofa metallic tube 18, the other end of which is attened out as at 19 andsecured to the food pan as shown. A removable hollow handle 20 its overthe tube 18 and protects said terminal 17.

Not only are the resistance elements firmly held in position within awater-tight casing independently of any pressure which may be exerted bythe ycover 14, but the entire `heating element is very thin, compact andornamental, and the outline of the structure is such that its appearancedoes not differ materially from the appearance of an ordinarychaing-dish.

In Fig. 4 I have illustrated a samovar having an electric resistanceelement secured thereto as an integral and permanent part thereof, saidresistance being secured in a mannerl somewhat similar to that justdescribed. Within the receptacle 21 and against the copper or silverbase 22, I place a metal disk 23 similar to the disk 2 previouslydescribed, and weld said disk to .a sheet'metal carrier 24 having anannular flange 25. A suitable resistor 2G is arranged within saidcarrier and insulated therefrom by mica disks 27. The resistor mayassume most of the heat upwardly to the liquid within the samovar.

Suitable circuit terminals 32 are provided, which are carried by saidcover plate 31, but are insulated therefrom by mica washers 33 arrangedon opposite sides of a horizontal supporting flange 34, said terminalsbeing headed over or riveted to the mica washers. A pr tecting casing 35is provided for the terminals, said casing serving as a guide inconnecting an attachment plug, and comprising a short metal tube havingits upper end ianged outwardly and secured to the cover plate 31,preferably by welding.

It is to be understood, of course, that the invention is not limited tothe two embodiments thereof described and illustrated, nor to their usewith utensils of the kind illustrated, as various other forms may bedevised and various changes made in the details of construction referredto herein, without departing from the spirit of the invention asexpressed in the appended claims.

What I claimas new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the UnitedStates is 1. In a device of the character described, a metallicresistance carrier, a body to be heated against which said carrier islocated, and a metallic element arranged on the opposite side of saidbody, said element consisting of material adapted to be welded to saidcarrier, said metallic element and said arrier being welded togetherthrough said 2. In a device of the character described,

a metallic container for a resistance, a body to be heated against whichsaid container is located, a metallic plate of material adapted to bewelded to said container arranged on the opposite side of said body,said plate and said container being integrally united to each otherthrough said body, and a resistance Within said container and insulatedtherefrom.

3. In combination, a sheet metal carrier is arranged, a metallic plateon the upper side of said body, said plate being welded to said carrierthrough said body, a resistance adapted to fit Within the annular flangeof said carrier, mica insulation on opposite sides of said resistance,and a cover plate beneath said resistance and insulated therefrom bysaid mica, said flange being bent inwardly to firmly secure saidresistance in intimate heat-conducting relation with said body, wherebya compact unitary construction is provided.

4. The combination with a cooking utensil having a depression in itsbase, of a metallic plate fitting within said depression, a sheet metalcontainer conforming substantially to the outline of said plate andarranged in contact with the under surface of said base, a cover 'platefitting said container and a resistance arranged between said containerand said cover plate and firmly held thereby, said container beingintegrally united to said metallic plate through the base of saidutensil.

5. An electrically heated chafing-dish contact with the under surface ofsaid de` pressed portion, a metallic plate having a thicknesssubstantially equaly to the depth of said depression and fitting withinthe same, said carrier being welded to said plate through the base ofthe chafing-dish whereby it is integrally united thereto, a resistancein the form of a thin flat disk arranged within said carrier, a shallowflanged cover plate tting within said carrier in inverted position, micadisks arranged on opposite sides of said resistance to linsulate thesame from its metal support, said cover plate being welded to saidcarrier to provide a water-tight inclosure for said resistance, a hollowhandle for said chafing-dish, and circuit terminals therein, saidterminals being electrically connected to said resistance.

7 In combination, a heating plate, a container integrally united theretoand a plurality of concentric resistance carriers integrally united tosaid container, said container having a cover integrally united thereto,whereby said carriers are inclosed in a water-tight casing but are heldindependently of said cover.

8. In combination, a metallic plate of good thermal conductivity, aplate of less thermal conductivity on one side thereof and a metallicresistance container also of less thermal conductivity, on the oppositeside thereof, said container being electrically Welded to said secondplate through said first plate, and a resistance carrier electricallywelded to said container.

9. In combination,` a metallic plate of good thermal conductivity, aplate of less thermal conductivity on one side thereof and a metallicresistance container also of less-thermal conductivity, on the oppositeside thereof, said container being electrically welded to said secondplate through said first plate, a resistance carrier electrically weldedto said container, and a cover integrally united to said container toprovide a water-tight inclosure for said carrier.

l0. In an electric heater, resistors, carriers therefor, and a pair ofmetallic plates be tween which said carriers are arranged, said carriersbeing welded to one of said plates and arranged conccntrically withrespect to each other;

1l. in electric heater, resistors, carriera therefor, and aV pair ofmetallic plates between which: saidicarriem. are aranged, y said Lampescarriers being; Welded:` to one of said plates nesses.

and arranged concentrically withzrespect to each other,v said platesbeing united at' their 5 edges to form aa water-tight. inolosure for'-said resistors.;

In witnesswvhereof, I have hereunto sub- Correction in Letters PatentNo,I 1,7174,0132`1.\

WLLIAM s. HADAWAY, JR.

Witnesses :v

EDWIN LIGHfrFooir,l Gr.1 P.. BBoeKwA-Y.

Itis hereby certified that in Lettersl letentv No. 151745032, grantedFebruary 29, 1916, upon thev application of. William S. Hadaway, Jr.,of- New Rochelle,

` New York, for an'` improvement in Electric Heaters, an error appearsin the printed specificationv requiring eorreetion as'- follows: Page3,. line 45,. claim 4,

I after the Word meta insert -the Word resistance; and that the saidLetters tent should bereaid with this correction therein that the samemay conform I to the record of the case in the Patent Ofoe.

signe-d and Sealed @his 18th day of April, A. D., 1916.

[SEAL] R. F. WHITEHEAD,

Actin Commissioner o Patents. Cl. 21g-44. g l f scribed n1jyfnarre-r` inthe presenceof two Witv

